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Why does Russia and many parts of Eastern Europe strangely have a high percentage of female doctors and physicians (~70%)?

07.06.2025 08:02

Why does Russia and many parts of Eastern Europe strangely have a high percentage of female doctors and physicians (~70%)?

Pictured - A poster of “Country Doctor” (1951) by Sergei Gerasimov, a curiously forgotten Soviet movie about a freshly-graduated female doctor who has to prove herself to her colleagues and her boss, who has been a doctor since the Tsarist era. Gerasimov was a leading Soviet director, so it is a bit of mystery, why that particular movie was not shown on TV in later decades. There was some Stalinism there, naturally, but it was easy to edit it out. And the main character was an inspiring person - a WWII military nurse who got higher education right after the war. Maybe, the very implication that a Soviet woman met challenges for choosing a job that was previously mostly for men was later considered problematic.

It’s a legacy of the Soviet system. In the Soviet Union, being a doctor was not associated with a lot of money. In fact, few Soviet professions were directly associated with very cozy life. So, kids were encouraged to get higher education and not work at a factory or farm, but, beyond that, the choice of profession was frequently up to the kids and their proclivities. And because being helpful and nurturing were generally viewed as female traits, a lot of girls were becoming teachers and doctors/nurses, while boys considered jobs in engineering and the like. When my mom and her best friend studied to become electronic (computer) engineers, they were the only girls in their student group.